“Actually, Indian”

Upon reading the article that revealed what has really been going on behind Amazon’s ‘Just Walk Out’, and appreciating social media responses such as “AI = Actually Indian”, I thought I’d save some other related readings in one place for future reference.

• The emerging mobile internet underclass: A critique of mobile internet access (Napoli & Obar, 2014)
  
• Servants of Globalisation: Migration and Domestic Work (Parreñas, 2015)
  
• The rise of ‘pseudo-AI’: how tech firms quietly use humans to do bots’ work (Solon, 2018, crossposted 6 October 2020)
  
• The underworld of online content moderation (Chotiner, 2019)
  
• Refugees help power machine learning advances at Microsoft, Facebook, and Amazon (Jones, 2021)
  
• OpenAI used Kenyan workers on less than $2 per hour to make ChatGPT less toxic (Perrigo, 2023)
  
• Thinking and reading at the intersection of labor, race, and tech (Data & Society, 2023)
  
• The governance of artificial intelligence: interim report (UK Parliamentary Select Committee, 2023)
  
• The dark world of illegal loan apps in India (Tiwari, 2023)
  
• Don’t talk to people like they are chatbots (Schneier & Cahn, 2024)
  
• How cheap, outsourced labour in Africa is shaping AI English (Hern, 2024, not mentioned but kind of in response to this tweet)